A geophysicist is a scientist who studies the physical properties and processes of the Earth and its atmosphere. They use a variety of techniques, including seismic, electromagnetic, and gravitational methods, to investigate the structure and composition of the Earth’s crust, mantle, and core, as well as the dynamics of its tectonic plates and the movements of its fluids (such as water and oil). Geophysicists also study the Earth’s magnetic and gravitational fields, as well as its atmosphere and oceans, to understand Earth’s climate and weather patterns, as well as its natural resources and hazards. They work in a variety of settings, including academia, government agencies, and private industry, and may specialize in areas such as exploration geophysics, environmental geophysics, or applied geophysics. They use their understanding and analysis of the Earth’s physical processes to make important contributions to fields such as natural resources, environmental science, and natural hazards